32 Fees to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The following is a summary of the fees billed to us by Marcum LLP for professional services rendered in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020: 2021 2020 Audit Fees....................................................................... $ 186,121 $ 187,819 Audit-Related Fees ......................................................... 42,744 12,031 Tax Fees.......................................................................... — — All Other Fees................................................................. — — Total Fees ....................................................................... $ 228,865 $ 199,850 Audit Fees. This category includes the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, reviews of our financial statements included in our Form 10-Qs and services that are normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with its engagements for those years. This category also includes advice on audit and accounting matters that arose during, or as a result of, the audit or the review of our interim financial statements. Audit-Related Fees. This category consists of assurance and related services by our independent registered public accounting firm that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported above under “Audit Fees.” The services for the fees disclosed under this category include consents regarding equity issuances. Tax Fees. This category typically consists of professional services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm for tax compliance and tax advice. All Other Fees. This category includes aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for products and services provided by the Marcum LLP, other than the services reported in the categories above. Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures Under the Audit Committee’s pre-approval policies and procedures, the Audit Committee is required to pre-approve the audit and non-audit services performed by our independent registered public accounting firm. On an annual basis, the Audit Committee pre-approves a list of services that may be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm without obtaining specific pre-approval from the Audit Committee. In addition, the Audit Committee sets pre-approved fee levels for each of the listed services. Any type of service that is not included on the list of pre-approved services must be specifically approved by the Audit Committee or its designee. Any proposed service that is included on the list of pre-approved services but will cause the pre-approved fee level to be exceeded will also require specific pre-approval by the Audit Committee or its designee. The Audit Committee has delegated pre-approval authority to the Audit Committee chairman and any pre-approved actions by the Audit Committee chairman as designee are reported to the Audit Committee for approval at its next scheduled meeting. All of the services rendered by Marcum LLP in 2021 were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
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